full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Sergiu P. Pasca: How we're reverse engineering the human brain in the lab
Unscramble the Blue Letters
That's right. We can build human brain circuits in a dish. How is that possible? binudlig on the hard work of biologists over the past 15 years or so, we can toady take any cell type from any individual and then push it back in time to turn them into stem cells and then guide those stem cells to become any other cell type. We start by asking a patient to provide a samll skin smlape. We then take those skin cells, reaorgrpm them by putting a seeris of gteeinc factors and push them back in time so that those skin cells become stem cells. It's like cellular alchemy. These stem cells have almost magical aibltieis to turn into any other cell type.
Open Cloze
That's right. We can build human brain circuits in a dish. How is that possible? ________ on the hard work of biologists over the past 15 years or so, we can _____ take any cell type from any individual and then push it back in time to turn them into stem cells and then guide those stem cells to become any other cell type. We start by asking a patient to provide a _____ skin ______. We then take those skin cells, _________ them by putting a ______ of _______ factors and push them back in time so that those skin cells become stem cells. It's like cellular alchemy. These stem cells have almost magical _________ to turn into any other cell type.
Solution
- small
- series
- sample
- building
- reprogram
- today
- abilities
- genetic
Original Text
That's right. We can build human brain circuits in a dish. How is that possible? Building on the hard work of biologists over the past 15 years or so, we can today take any cell type from any individual and then push it back in time to turn them into stem cells and then guide those stem cells to become any other cell type. We start by asking a patient to provide a small skin sample. We then take those skin cells, reprogram them by putting a series of genetic factors and push them back in time so that those skin cells become stem cells. It's like cellular alchemy. These stem cells have almost magical abilities to turn into any other cell type.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
human brain |
17 |
cell type |
6 |
stem cells |
5 |
brain organoids |
4 |
brain cells |
4 |
skin cells |
3 |
outer layer |
2 |
human circuits |
2 |
brain disorders |
2 |
specific brain |
2 |
build human |
2 |
brain circuits |
2 |
chemical soup |
2 |
brain organoid |
2 |
nervous system |
2 |
brain clock |
2 |
side started |
2 |
jumping behavior |
2 |
molecular mechanism |
2 |
Important Words
- abilities
- alchemy
- biologists
- brain
- build
- building
- cell
- cells
- cellular
- circuits
- dish
- factors
- genetic
- guide
- hard
- human
- individual
- magical
- patient
- provide
- push
- putting
- reprogram
- sample
- series
- skin
- small
- start
- stem
- time
- today
- turn
- type
- work
- years